Workers, trade unions, and democracy

Democratic trade unions and collective bargaining increase worker voice; suggestion boxes do not

Researchers conducted a literature review and seven case studies to answer the question: What are the most effective mechanisms for worker voice in today’s global economy? They first lay out the components of workers' voice, including (1) Election of representatives; (2) Representation of members; (3) Inclusion of member diversity in leadership, and (4) Protection of workers. They find that democratic trade unions and collective bargaining most effectively provide voice to workers. These institutions give workers leverage in bargaining situations. Individual voice mechanisms such as suggestion boxes, corporate social responsibility programs, management control participation committees, and mandatory due diligence under authoritarian rule are not effective worker voice mechanisms. This research shows the importance of coordinated worker voice structures.

Labor unions, religious organizations, and professional organizations are integral for transitions to democracy

Recent researchers studied the conditions under which organized movements lead to further democratization in Africa. They found that involvement by religious organizations, trade unions, and professional organizations increases the likelihood of democratization. These organizations are strong enough to force pro-democracy concessions from an autocratic regime. They also tend to have strong preferences for democracy because they are vulnerable to state repression, and their preference for democracy is stable through democratic transitions because they do not directly hold political power. Movements led solely by political parties, on the other hand, are less likely to produce democratization because parties’ democratic preferences often weaken once they gain power. This research shows the importance of organizational structure for “resistance from below” to lead to democratic change.

Do you have a study we should share for a future Facty Friday? Send an email to drg.el@usaid.gov!